Persia is an ancient Asian kingdom and the name of the modern region of Fars, the state of Iran. This country was also called Persia until 1935. Mentioning Persia, first of all, they talk about the history of Iran.
Modern Iran is located on a huge area (1 million 650 thousand km2) from the Persian Gulf in the south to the Caspian Sea in the north, and from Iraq in the west to Pakistan in the east.
History
Iran's history spans 5,000 years and begins with the formation of the Persian Empire of Elam in the 3rd millennium BC. e. during the reign of King Darius I, heir to King Achaemenus, from whom the reign of the Achaemenid dynasty began.
Then in the Persian Empire there were many uprisings, impostors appeared. For example, Nebuchadnezzar, Fraort, etc. According to ancient cuneiform writing, Darius had to return a whole list of areas with the help of weapons.
After the restoration of statehood, the Great Power of King Darius I was divided into 20 administrative regions (satrapies). At the head of each were appointed rulers entrusted to the king (satraps), who enjoyed unlimited civil power.
At that time, the Persian state included various political entities: city-states, ancient monarchies, various ethnic associations. And therefore Darius needed to concentrate management in the hands of the Persians, establish a monetary system, regulate taxes, establish writing.
Greco-Macedonian expansion to the east in the 2nd century BC e., made significant changes in the political, economic and cultural development of Persia. Under the rule of the Macedonian king Alexander, the empire acquired the most significant dimensions in history and reached the peak of its power in the 10-13th centuries AD before the invasion of the Mongol conquerors under the leadership of Genghis Khan. After which Persia fell into decay and was divided into many separate states, including Iran.
Modern Persia - Iran
In the Middle Ages, the Safavid dynasty put an end to the rule of the descendants of the Mongol conquerors, and the formation of a modern state began. Currently, Persia has the name Iran - it is an Islamic, Shiite state. The formation of the Republic of Iran was initiated by the Islamic revolution, which became a transition from a monarchical regime to a republican one.
In 1979, the Shah's rule was overthrown and a republic was proclaimed with a new constitution. Now Iran is a rapidly developing state of world importance. It ranks second in the world in oil production among the OPEC countries. Iran is a key member of the Organization for Economic Cooperation of Central and South-West Asia.
